Act 2

Scene III

A hall in the castle.

	Enter Othello, Desdemona, Cassio, and Attendants.
Othello	Good Michael, look you to the guard to-night: Let’s teach ourselves that honourable stop, Not to outsport discretion.
Cassio	Iago hath direction what to do; But, notwithstanding, with my personal eye Will I look to’t.
Othello	Iago is most honest. Michael, good night: to-morrow with your earliest Let me have speech with you. To Desdemona. Come, my dear love, The purchase made, the fruits are to ensue; That profit’s yet to come ’tween me and you. Good night. Exeunt Othello, Desdemona, and Attendants.
	Enter Iago.
Cassio	Welcome, Iago; we must to the watch.
Iago	Not this hour, lieutenant; ’tis not yet ten o’ the clock. Our general cast us thus early for the love of his Desdemona; who let us not therefore blame: he hath not yet made wanton the night with her; and she is sport for Jove.
Cassio	She’s a most exquisite lady.
Iago	And, I’ll warrant her, full of game.
Cassio	Indeed, she’s a most fresh and delicate creature.
Iago	What an eye she has! methinks it sounds a parley of provocation.
Cassio	An inviting eye; and yet methinks right modest.
Iago	And when she speaks, is it not an alarum to love?
Cassio	She is indeed perfection.
Iago	Well, happiness to their sheets! Come, lieutenant, I have a stoup of wine; and here without are a brace of Cyprus gallants that would fain have a measure to the health of black Othello.
Cassio	Not to-night, good Iago: I have very poor and unhappy brains for drinking: I could well wish courtesy would invent some other custom of entertainment.
Iago	O, they are our friends; but one cup: I’ll drink for you.
Cassio	I have drunk but one cup to-night, and that was craftily qualified too, and, behold, what innovation it makes here: I am unfortunate in the infirmity, and dare not task my weakness with any more.
Iago	What, man! ’tis a night of revels: the gallants desire it.
Cassio	Where are they?
Iago	Here at the door; I pray you, call them in.
Cassio	I’ll do’t; but it dislikes me. Exit.
Iago	If I can fasten but one cup upon him, With that which he hath drunk to-night already, He’ll be as full of quarrel and offence As my young mistress’ dog. Now, my sick fool Roderigo, Whom love hath turn’d almost the wrong side out, To Desdemona hath to-night caroused Potations pottle-deep; and he’s to watch: Three lads of Cyprus, noble swelling spirits, That hold their honours in a wary distance, The very elements of this warlike isle, Have I to-night fluster’d with flowing cups, And they watch too. Now, ’mongst this flock of drunkards, Am I to put our Cassio in some action That may offend the isle.⁠—But here they come: If consequence do but approve my dream, My boat sails freely, both with wind and stream.
	Reenter Cassio; with him Montano* and Gentlemen; servants following with wine.*
Cassio	’Fore God, they have given me a rouse already.
Montano	Good faith, a little one; not past a pint, as I am a soldier.
Iago	Some wine, ho! Sings. And let me the canakin clink, clink; And let me the canakin clink A soldier’s a man; A life’s but a span; Why, then, let a soldier drink. Some wine, boys!
Cassio	’Fore God, an excellent song.
Iago	I learned it in England, where, indeed, they are most potent in potting: your Dane, your German, and your swag-bellied Hollander⁠—Drink, ho!⁠—are nothing to your English.
Cassio	Is your Englishman so expert in his drinking?
Iago	Why, he drinks you, with facility, your Dane dead drunk; he sweats not to overthrow your Almain; he gives your Hollander a vomit, ere the next pottle can be filled.
Cassio	To the health of our general!
Montano	I am for it, lieutenant; and I’ll do you justice.
Iago	O sweet England! King Stephen was a worthy peer, His breeches cost him but a crown; He held them sixpence all too dear, With that he call’d the tailor lown. He was a wight of high renown, And thou art but of low degree: ’Tis pride that pulls the country down; Then take thine auld cloak about thee. Some wine, ho!
Cassio	Why, this is a more exquisite song than the other.
Iago	Will you hear’t again?
Cassio	No; for I hold him to be unworthy of his place that does those things. Well, God’s above all; and there be souls must be saved, and there be souls must not be saved.
Iago	It’s true, good lieutenant.
Cassio	For mine own part⁠—no offence to the general, nor any man of quality⁠—I hope to be saved.
Iago	And so do I too, lieutenant.
Cassio	Ay, but, by your leave, not before me; the lieutenant is to be saved before the ancient. Let’s have no more of this; let’s to our affairs.⁠—Forgive us our sins!⁠—Gentlemen, let’s look to our business. Do not think, gentlemen, I am drunk: this is my ancient; this is my right hand, and this is my left: I am not drunk now; I can stand well enough, and speak well enough.
All	Excellent well.
Cassio	Why, very well then; you must not think then that I am drunk. Exit.
Montano	To the platform, masters; come, let’s set the watch.
Iago	You see this fellow that is gone before; He is a soldier fit to stand by Caesar And give direction: and do but see his vice; ’Tis to his virtue a just equinox, The one as long as the other: ’tis pity of him. I fear the trust Othello puts him in. On some odd time of his infirmity, Will shake this island.
Montano	But is he often thus?
Iago	’Tis evermore the prologue to his sleep: He’ll watch the horologe a double set, If drink rock not his cradle.
Montano	It were well The general were put in mind of it. Perhaps he sees it not; or his good nature Prizes the virtue that appears in Cassio, And looks not on his evils: is not this true?
	Enter Roderigo.
Iago	Aside to him. How now, Roderigo! I pray you, after the lieutenant; go. Exit Roderigo.
Montano	And ’tis great pity that the noble Moor Should hazard such a place as his own second With one of an ingraft infirmity: It were an honest action to say So to the Moor.
Iago	Not I, for this fair island: I do love Cassio well; and would do much To cure him of this evil⁠—But, hark! what noise? Cry within: “Help! help!”
	Reenter Cassio, driving in Roderigo.
Cassio	You rogue! you rascal!
Montano	What’s the matter, lieutenant?
Cassio	A knave teach me my duty! I’ll beat the knave into a twiggen bottle.
Roderigo	Beat me!
Cassio	Dost thou prate, rogue? Striking Roderigo.
Montano	Nay, good lieutenant; Staying him. I pray you, sir, hold your hand.
Cassio	Let me go, sir, Or I’ll knock you o’er the mazzard.
Montano	Come, come, you’re drunk.
Cassio	Drunk! They fight.
Iago	Aside to Roderigo. Away, I say; go out, and cry a mutiny. Exit Roderigo. Nay, good lieutenant⁠—alas, gentlemen;⁠— Help, ho!⁠—Lieutenant⁠—sir⁠—Montano⁠—sir; Help, masters!⁠—Here’s a goodly watch indeed! Bell rings. Who’s that which rings the bell?⁠—Diablo, ho! The town will rise: God’s will, lieutenant, hold! You will be shamed for ever.
	Reenter Othello* and Attendants.*
Othello	What is the matter here?
Montano	’Zounds, I bleed still; I am hurt to the death. Faints.
Othello	Hold, for your lives!
Iago	Hold, ho! Lieutenant⁠—sir⁠—Montano⁠—gentlemen⁠— Have you forgot all sense of place and duty? Hold! the general speaks to you; hold, hold, for shame!
Othello	Why, how now, ho! from whence ariseth this? Are we turn’d Turks, and to ourselves do that Which heaven hath forbid the Ottomites? For Christian shame, put by this barbarous brawl: He that stirs next to carve for his own rage Holds his soul light; he dies upon his motion. Silence that dreadful bell: it frights the isle From her propriety. What is the matter, masters? Honest Iago, that look’st dead with grieving, Speak, who began this? on thy love, I charge thee.
Iago	I do not know: friends all but now, even now, In quarter, and in terms like bride and groom Devesting them for bed; and then, but now⁠— As if some planet had unwitted men⁠— Swords out, and tilting one at other’s breast, In opposition bloody. I cannot speak Any beginning to this peevish odds; And would in action glorious I had lost Those legs that brought me to a part of it!
Othello	How comes it, Michael, you are thus forgot?
Cassio	I pray you, pardon me; I cannot speak.
Othello	Worthy Montano, you were wont be civil; The gravity and stillness of your youth The world hath noted, and your name is great In mouths of wisest censure: what’s the matter, That you unlace your reputation thus And spend your rich opinion for the name Of a night-brawler? give me answer to it.
Montano	Worthy Othello, I am hurt to danger: Your officer, Iago, can inform you⁠— While I spare speech, which something now offends me⁠— Of all that I do know: nor know I aught By me that’s said or done amiss this night; Unless self-charity be sometimes a vice, And to defend ourselves it be a sin When violence assails us.
Othello	Now, by heaven, My blood begins my safer guides to rule; And passion, having my best judgment collied, Assays to lead the way: if I once stir, Or do but lift this arm, the best of you Shall sink in my rebuke. Give me to know How this foul rout began, who set it on; And he that is approved in this offence, Though he had twinn’d with me, both at a birth, Shall lose me. What! in a town of war, Yet wild, the people’s hearts brimful of fear, To manage private and domestic quarrel, In night, and on the court and guard of safety! ’Tis monstrous. Iago, who began’t?
Montano	If partially affined, or leagued in office, Thou dost deliver more or less than truth, Thou art no soldier.
Iago	Touch me not so near: I had rather have this tongue cut from my mouth Than it should do offence to Michael Cassio; Yet, I persuade myself, to speak the truth Shall nothing wrong him. Thus it is, general. Montano and myself being in speech, There comes a fellow crying out for help: And Cassio following him with determined sword, To execute upon him. Sir, this gentleman Steps in to Cassio, and entreats his pause: Myself the crying fellow did pursue, Lest by his clamour⁠—as it so fell out⁠— The town might fall in fright: he, swift of foot, Outran my purpose; and I return’d the rather For that I heard the clink and fall of swords, And Cassio high in oath; which till to-night I ne’er might say before. When I came back⁠— For this was brief⁠—I found them close together, At blow and thrust; even as again they were When you yourself did part them. More of this matter cannot I report: But men are men; the best sometimes forget: Though Cassio did some little wrong to him, As men in rage strike those that wish them best, Yet surely Cassio, I believe, received From him that fled some strange indignity, Which patience could not pass.
Othello	I know, Iago, Thy honesty and love doth mince this matter, Making it light to Cassio. Cassio, I love thee But never more be officer of mine.
	Reenter Desdemona, attended.
	Look, if my gentle love be not raised up! I’ll make thee an example.
Desdemona	What’s the matter?
Othello	All’s well now, sweeting; come away to bed. Sir, for your hurts, myself will be your surgeon: Lead him off. To Montano, who is led off. Iago, look with care about the town, And silence those whom this vile brawl distracted. Come, Desdemona: ’tis the soldiers’ life To have their balmy slumbers waked with strife. Exeunt all but Iago and Cassio.
Iago	What, are you hurt, lieutenant?
Cassio	Ay, past all surgery.
Iago	Marry, heaven forbid!
Cassio	Reputation, reputation, reputation! O, I have lost my reputation! I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial. My reputation, Iago, my reputation!
Iago	As I am an honest man, I thought you had received some bodily wound; there is more sense in that than in reputation. Reputation is an idle and most false imposition: oft got without merit, and lost without deserving: you have lost no reputation at all, unless you repute yourself such a loser. What, man! there are ways to recover the general again: you are but now cast in his mood, a punishment more in policy than in malice, even so as one would beat his offenceless dog to affright an imperious lion: sue to him again, and he’s yours.
Cassio	I will rather sue to be despised than to deceive so good a commander with so slight, so drunken, and so indiscreet an officer. Drunk? and speak parrot? and squabble? swagger? swear? and discourse fustian with one’s own shadow? O thou invisible spirit of wine, if thou hast no name to be known by, let us call thee devil!
Iago	What was he that you followed with your sword? What had he done to you?
Cassio	I know not.
Iago	Is’t possible?
Cassio	I remember a mass of things, but nothing distinctly; a quarrel, but nothing wherefore. O God, that men should put an enemy in their mouths to steal away their brains! that we should, with joy, pleasance revel and applause, transform ourselves into beasts!
Iago	Why, but you are now well enough: how came you thus recovered?
Cassio	It hath pleased the devil drunkenness to give place to the devil wrath; one unperfectness shows me another, to make me frankly despise myself.
Iago	Come, you are too severe a moraler: as the time, the place, and the condition of this country stands, I could heartily wish this had not befallen; but, since it is as it is, mend it for your own good.
Cassio	I will ask him for my place again; he shall tell me I am a drunkard! Had I as many mouths as Hydra, such an answer would stop them all. To be now a sensible man, by and by a fool, and presently a beast! O strange! Every inordinate cup is unblessed and the ingredient is a devil.
Iago	Come, come, good wine is a good familiar creature, if it be well used: exclaim no more against it. And, good lieutenant, I think you think I love you.
Cassio	I have well approved it, sir. I drunk!
Iago	You or any man living may be drunk! at a time, man. I’ll tell you what you shall do. Our general’s wife is now the general: may say so in this respect, for that he hath devoted and given up himself to the contemplation, mark, and denotement of her parts and graces: confess yourself freely to her; importune her help to put you in your place again: she is of so free, so kind, so apt, so blessed a disposition, she holds it a vice in her goodness not to do more than she is requested: this broken joint between you and her husband entreat her to splinter; and, my fortunes against any lay worth naming, this crack of your love shall grow stronger than it was before.
Cassio	You advise me well.
Iago	I protest, in the sincerity of love and honest kindness.
Cassio	I think it freely; and betimes in the morning I will beseech the virtuous Desdemona to undertake for me: I am desperate of my fortunes if they cheque me here.
Iago	You are in the right. Good night, lieutenant; I must to the watch.
Cassio	Good night, honest Iago. Exit.
Iago	And what’s he then that says I play the villain? When this advice is free I give and honest, Probal to thinking and indeed the course To win the Moor again? For ’tis most easy The inclining Desdemona to subdue In any honest suit: she’s framed as fruitful As the free elements. And then for her To win the Moor⁠—were’t to renounce his baptism, All seals and symbols of redeemed sin, His soul is so enfetter’d to her love, That she may make, unmake, do what she list, Even as her appetite shall play the god With his weak function. How am I then a villain To counsel Cassio to this parallel course, Directly to his good? Divinity of hell! When devils will the blackest sins put on, They do suggest at first with heavenly shows, As I do now: for whiles this honest fool Plies Desdemona to repair his fortunes And she for him pleads strongly to the Moor, I’ll pour this pestilence into his ear, That she repeals him for her body’s lust; And by how much she strives to do him good, She shall undo her credit with the Moor. So will I turn her virtue into pitch, And out of her own goodness make the net That shall enmesh them all.
	Reenter Roderigo.
	How now, Roderigo!
Roderigo	I do follow here in the chase, not like a hound that hunts, but one that fills up the cry. My money is almost spent; I have been to-night exceedingly well cudgelled; and I think the issue will be, I shall have so much experience for my pains, and so, with no money at all and a little more wit, return again to Venice.
Iago	How poor are they that have not patience! What wound did ever heal but by degrees? Thou know’st we work by wit, and not by witchcraft; And wit depends on dilatory time. Does’t not go well? Cassio hath beaten thee. And thou, by that small hurt, hast cashier’d Cassio: Though other things grow fair against the sun, Yet fruits that blossom first will first be ripe: Content thyself awhile. By the mass, ’tis morning; Pleasure and action make the hours seem short. Retire thee; go where thou art billeted: Away, I say; thou shalt know more hereafter: Nay, get thee gone. Exit Roderigo. Two things are to be done: My wife must move for Cassio to her mistress; I’ll set her on; Myself the while to draw the Moor apart, And bring him jump when he may Cassio find Soliciting his wife: ay, that’s the way Dull not device by coldness and delay. Exit.